How much Bitcoin is actually available to use?
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Although 20 million BTC will have been mined, 2.3–3.7 million are considered permanently lost due to:
Forgotten wallets and passwords
Lost hardware
Invalid or burned addresses
Early coins held by Satoshi Nakamoto
This means effective circulating supply may be 15.8–17.5 million BTC, making Bitcoin scarcer than the 21 million cap suggests.
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2.3–3.7 million BTC lost forever… that’s like trillions just evaporated