How do zk-Rollups work, and why are they game-changing?
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zk-Rollups aggregate hundreds or thousands of off-chain transactions into a single proof submitted to Layer 1.
They use zero-knowledge proofs to verify transaction validity without revealing underlying data.
Benefits:
Massive scalability (thousands of TPS vs. Ethereum L1 ~15 TPS)
Reduced gas fees
Maintains L1 security guarantees
Limitations: Complexity, slower finality for certain applications, and tooling maturity still developing.