Ethereum’s Scaling Breakthrough Is Real, but Security Takes Time
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While praising Ethereum’s technical progress, Buterin cautioned that full security guarantees are still years away. Although ZK-EVMs have reached production-quality performance, he said additional work is needed before they can safely become the primary mechanism for block validation on Ethereum.
Under his current roadmap, ZK-EVMs are unlikely to fully replace existing validation methods until sometime between 2027 and 2030. In the meantime, Ethereum will rely on incremental upgrades that improve throughput and efficiency without compromising safety, reflecting a deliberately conservative approach to deploying cryptographic breakthroughs.